教育局《學前教育課程指引》(2007) 家長版面世

《學前教育課程指引》(2007) 家長版面世
http://www.edb.gov.hk/FileManager/TC/Content_2405/parent_booklet_online_chinese.pdf

想知下政府叫幼稚園點教, 又或者政府提家長點教，都值得睇一睇呢本指引



http://www.edb.gov.hk/index.aspx?langno=2&nodeID=6117#pts

教育局 　　　　　　　　　　　　　第二卷　第二十三期　 2007年 8月3 日   《學前教育課程指引》(2007) 家長版面世   在幼兒成長過程中，家長與學校共同肩負覑十分重要的角色，而良好家庭的教育是幼兒教育成功的必備元素。課程發展處剛出版的《學前教育課程指引》「家長版」，目的是向家長說明《指引》所展示的精神和重點，使家長對學前教育課程有所認識，從而懂得怎樣和學校合作培育孩子，協助他們健康地成長及愉快地學習。   幼兒是怎樣學習的？   父母要明白孩子的學習要因應其自身的能力和需要，孩子透過以下的方式來學習﹕ ·                 透過感官進行學習，激發學習興趣﹔ ·                 從「做」中學習─透過積極的參與，親身體驗學習﹔ ·                 從「遊戲」中學習─在進行愉快和有意義的遊戲中，發揮潛能，啟發思考力 和創造力﹔ ·                 幼兒天生好奇，若多加引導，能主動學習。   幼兒學些甚揦？   ·                優質的幼兒教育課程應該是全面均衡，包括德、智、體、群、美五育的發展，不應只偏重「讀、寫、算」。其他學習範疇的發展亦同樣重要，包括有體能與健康、語文、早期數學、科學與科技、個人與群體及藝術等。上述的學習內容應透過綜合的教學模式及生活化的學習活動來推行，以配合幼兒的學習需要。   ·                教育孩子應以培養他們的「知識、技能和態度」三方面為目標，為孩子的「終身學習、全人發展」打好基礎。   家長的角色和責任是甚麼？   ·                家長是孩子的第一位老師，家長對幼兒教育的認識、對孩子的期望，以及教養他們的模式，都會直接地影響幼兒的成長。   ·                家長必須認識幼兒的發展和能力。   ·                家長亦須懂得尊重學習權利，幫助孩子充分發揮潛能。   家長可以怎樣幫助孩子的成長？   家長宜: 家長不宜: 郑 溝通 û 批判、責罵 郑 親子伴讀 û 只著重文字的讀、寫及理解 郑 鼓勵創作 û 催促及負面的評價 郑 豐富學習經驗、提供適切的學習機會 û 偏重讀、寫、算 郑 關注身心健康、全面均衡發展 û 編排太密集的課外活動   家長如何與學校合作？   家長和學校是培育幼兒的重要夥伴，孩子由入讀幼稚園到升讀小學，在不同的新環境，都需要時間去適應。為幫助孩子適應學習，家長和學校要有良好的聯繫和協作。   家長可以透過甚揦途徑獲取「家長版」的訊息？   ·                我們已在七月通知各學前教育機構，到其教育局分區辦事處提取上述家長版小冊子，然後學校在適當時間派發給家長參考。本書全部內容並已上載於以下網址: http://www.edb.gov.hk/kg_guide_parent_booklet ，歡迎家長瀏覽。   ·                為了配合小冊子的推廣，我們在六、七月舉辦了三場家長講座。講座除了介紹小冊子的主要訊息外，並邀請幼兒教育界的學者，為家長簡介甚揦是以「兒童為本」的學習，還有資深小學校長和我們分享「幼小銜接」的經驗。有關內容可瀏覽以下網址: http://www.edb.gov.hk/index.aspx?langno=2&nodeID=2874 。     完

2007 | 重要告示 修訂日期: 2007年 8月 3日

周婉芬《如何認識及處理孩子的情緒 》

剛看完周婉芬博士的一本小書，可提醒處理孩子情緒的重要。不過太著眼於處理情緒，本書沒有講處理情緒後的進一步處理。=====================================================
書名： 如何認識及處理孩子的情緒
作者: 周婉芬
出版日期: 2002/01
頁數: 72
國際書號: 9629506238

====

聆聽的秘訣
1. 留心及專注的聆聽 (有眼神接觸, "唔..唔..."回應及點頭)
2. 接納及明白 (不宜批評及教訓)
3. 用說話反映孩子的情緒
(e.g. 媽咪都知你好唔開心....)
(忌：問太多 (點解嬲？), 教訓(你不應大聲說話), 否定情緒(好小事, 唔好哭), 批判(你太小氣)

Case study:

1. 孩子：為甚麼我不能買那個玩具車，小明也有？
父母：你已經有好多玩具，不能看見別人有也要買。
(孩子心想：媽咪都有好多衫啦！點解佢又買？)

Preferred answer: 父母：知你好想要，不過唔買 (no need to give reason)

2. 孩子練琴時說：太難了，總是彈錯，我不學了

父母：様様都難，彈得多自然覺得容易
(孩子心想：她不明白我有多難，迫我去練)

3. 孩子覺得功課好難，放下筆說：我最憎做功課同埋返學

母親：讀書是你的責任，你是否想做乞丐？
(孩子心想：講下之麻，駛唔駛咁惡，返學真係好慘，你都唔明白)

周婉芬《觸動 : 細訴我們的生活感悟》

剛睇完一本不需一小時看完的小書，其中一些章節關於「聆聽」與「體諒」值得與大家分享。

書名: 觸動 : 細訴我們的生活感悟 / 周婉芬...[等]

我將内容化為Q&A。如你遇到以下情況你首先會說什麼？

Q1: 如果家中的很老的老人家說：「昨天爬上碌架床上，很辛苦才拆下了那幅舊窗簾布來洗，那窗簾已有很多年沒洗滌過了！」

Q2: 當小朋友幫手洗碗時打破一只湯碗。

Q3: 當媽媽問：「你是否在家吃了飯才上夜課？」，點答？

Q4: 當孩子因摔倒而哭。

Q5: 如果學生作弊，當留堂等見家長時怕媽媽鬥而逃走，作為老師你會...

======================== Answer ========================

A1:
(Normal Answer) 那很危險的，若不幸跌到，沒有人知的話......
(Good Answer)你爬上去這麼辛苦，又要拆下來清洗，對你這麼大年紀的人來說，是十分不容易的了，你真能過。不過，那很危險的，若不幸跌到，沒有人知的話......(story at P.14 婆婆哭了)

A2:
(Normal Answer) 邊個打欄碗，做咩咁唔小心
(Better Answer) 有冇受傷呀，做咩咁唔小心 (story at P.17 渴望母愛的童年)

A3:
(Normal Answer) 是 or 否...
(Better Answer) 是否有野同我講？ (P37 媽媽飯前的一句話)

A4:
(Normal Answer) 怎麼會摔倒？
(Better Answer) 真是很疼，媽媽也明白為甚麼妳哭得那麼厲害！.... 不用怕，哭過便會好一點！(P62, 尊重和平等)

A5:
(Normal Answer) 明天罰埋偷走
(Better Answer)我明白你昨天是因害怕見到母親，受到她的責罵才選擇離去，而我亦感受到你因此不開心和流淚。如果因此要懲罰你，那麼，昨天你己得到應有的懲罰，因此，我已決定不再就此事將你處分；但作弊一事則必須懲處。(P94, 作弊的學生)

========
書目記錄號碼 2338001
書名: 觸動 : 細訴我們的生活感悟 / 周婉芬...[等]
出版者: 香港 : 香港撒瑪利亞防止自殺會, 2003.
稽查項 145 頁 ; 14 公分.
備註: 封面書名.
主題: 中國文學總集附加
著者: 周婉芬
其他書名: 細訴我們的生活感悟
Call No: 848 2200

Book Review: How to Raise a Money-Wise Child

Just read a short book (~50 pages) about teaching financial concept to
children. Good to share.

Benny
==========================
Book: How to Raise a Money-Wise Child
Publisher: HK Institute of Certified Public Accounts
First print in 2006
Text by Howard Tang
ISBN: 988-98362-8-9

==== Age 3-5: ====

Objective: Understanding the value of cash

Action: teach children start making the proper association between
money and what it can buy is to let them hand the cash to supermarket
or cashiers. This way, they can concretely see that money, in various
amounts, can bring them things they recognise and know.

Objective: (Handling of 利是) Counting of money is important

Action: It's important for them to count the money themselves because
first, they need to know it belongs to them, and second, they need to
know that counting it correctly is an extremely important matter.

Objective: (Piggy banks 豬仔錢罌) Introducing children to the concept of
saving. With a piggy bank, children associate money with saving even
before they learn to spend it. Piggy bank can demonstrate starting the
idea of "breaking the bank".

Action: Save money in piggy bank, or use individual piggy banks for
separate purposes: saving, spending, and sharing to clearly
demonstrate the differences amongst the three. Or use a transparent
piggy banks so show the progress.

==== Age 6-9: ====

Objective: Learn right attitude to recognize "want" versus "need"

Action: tell them classmates have Nike shoes doesn't mean it's a need

Objective: Aware of money, let them know that everything costs
something, and that money is earned.

Objective: instilling moral values along with money management values
(i.e. money is the means to support happiness, not the happiness
itself)

Objective: A sense of personal responsibility

Action: if you break it (e.g. a glass cup), you buy it.

Objective: (use allowance 零用錢) to learn budgeting and self control skill

NOTE: not to associate misbehaviour with money (e.g. 唔乖扣零用錢) because
it lost the change to learn budgeting control and give a wrong idea
that if they have money, they have the right to misbehave.

Objective: learning concept of bank account

Action: Buy a notebook and record the debit/credit/balance to make a
personal bank account

NOTE: learning financial responsibility. Only four columns: Date,
Debit, Credit and Balance. Make sure you children keep and update heir
own savings book to learn responsibility and sense of ownership.

Objective: Incentive to save

Action: Give them interest 利息 for their personal bank account (e.g. 1%
per month)

Objective: Learn concept of debit card (i.e. Octopus)

Action: Set specific yet loosely regulated rules for Octopus card
usage (e.g. used primarily for public transportation, even thought it
can be used for other common purchases such as snacks). Let them
decide and deal with the consequences.

Objective: Learn comparison shopping

Action: Take children through he aisles in a supermarket and look for
the best purchase based on price and quality. Also learn paying $10
for two instead of $8 for one for promotional item.

Objective: Learn Impulse shopping

Action: For a request, ask them to shop around and look for prices.
Then concluded that it may take four months of savings to buy.

NOTE: The point of the impulse shopping exercise is to guide your
child through his or her thinking process regarding spending their own
money. There is no "impulsive" factor if it is parent's money.
Allowing kids to make mistakes is an excellent lesson.

NOTE: Learning comparison and impulse shopping should by united front,
i.e. all family members do the same and say "no" on request

Objective: No award for responsibility (e.g. exam result)

NOTE: It's OK to award monetarily for science fair, writing contest

Suggested item with award: Winning a tennis tournament, winning a
spelling bee, helping to paint the house, setting up electronics

Suggested item without award: Getting into a dream school, getting an
A in math, cleaning their room, baby-sitting siblings.

Objective: Domestic helper can help children to stay within budget,
having the help of a daily monitor

Action: Insist to children that when parents are not there, the family
assistant is in charge.

Objective: effective teaching and let kids know parents are always accessible

Action: Use 3G phone to punished or reward immediately, if necessary

==== Age 10-12 ====

Objective: develop an individual sense of ownership and responsibility

Action: Open a real bank account with joint name of parent

Objective: cultivating and reinforcing the right attitude toward
financial responsibility

Action: enrol your children in community service trips during the
summer or as family vacations.

NOTE: Orphanages 孤兒院 serve as an ideal community service targets for
children because they can relate to the audience - children. Working
with other children can further reinforce the fact that money can
affluence, or having parents or a family for that matter, are not
things to be taken for granted.

Objective: Teach you children to give something a chance, before
giving up or not liking it.

Action: Trips to underdeveloped countries.

NOTE: Also teach the concept of foreign currencies and exchange
rates, and budgeting.

Objective: Build a relationship based on trust, communicate and not control

Action: Some believed that earlier children are exposed to family
finances, the better. Not to hide relative bankrupt, etc. Explain the
family financial problem to children.